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Katrine C Hvidt1, Alexander W Fjældstad1,2, Kristian B Petersen1

  • 1Øre-Næse-Halskirurgisk Afdeling, Aarhus Universitetshospital.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|March 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

COVID-19 has increased focus on smell and taste loss, but many causes exist. This review covers common reversible causes and treatments for olfactory and gustatory dysfunction.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction are increasingly recognized, notably due to COVID-19.
  • However, these symptoms have diverse and common etiologies beyond viral infections.
  • Thorough diagnostic workup and clinical examination are crucial for accurate diagnosis.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current literature on olfactory and gustatory dysfunction.
  • It focuses on common, reversible causes and contemporary treatment strategies.
  • Evidence-based approaches for diagnosis and management are summarized.

Key Points:

  • Numerous factors can cause reversible smell and taste disorders.
  • Diagnostic evaluation is essential to identify the underlying cause.
  • Treatment options include olfactory training, topical steroids, and surgical interventions.

Conclusions:

  • While COVID-19 highlights smell and taste changes, other causes are prevalent.
  • Effective management relies on accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment.
  • Further research into novel therapeutic approaches is warranted.

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