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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
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Assessing Autism Knowledge Across the Global Landscape Using the ASK-Q.

Ashley J Harrison1,2, Nilofer C Naqvi3, Anne K Smit4,5

  • 1Educational Psychology Department, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30606, USA. Ashley.Harrison@uga.edu.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|March 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Global autism knowledge varies significantly, with higher-income nations demonstrating greater understanding. This study quantifies autism knowledge across 13 countries using the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire (ASK-Q) to identify regions needing more autism information.

Keywords:
Autism knowledgeCross-cultural assessmentGlobal variability

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Autism service provision shows significant global disparities.
  • Limited autism knowledge in low- and middle-income countries may contribute to service gaps.
  • Quantifying autism knowledge across diverse nations has been challenging due to measurement limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify and compare autism knowledge and stigma across different countries and demographics.
  • To identify factors influencing the variation in autism knowledge globally.
  • To pinpoint regions and populations requiring enhanced autism information and support.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire (ASK-Q) adapted for international use.
  • Collected data from 6830 participants across 13 countries on four continents.
  • Employed structural equation modeling to analyze variations in autism knowledge based on country and individual factors.

Main Results:

  • Significant cross-country variability in autism knowledge was observed, with a 17-point difference between the highest (Canada) and lowest (Lebanon) scoring countries.
  • Higher national economic status correlated with increased autism knowledge.
  • Autism knowledge differed based on country worldview, participant occupation, gender, age, and education level.

Conclusions:

  • Autism knowledge is not uniformly distributed globally, highlighting disparities in public understanding.
  • Economic factors and socio-demographic characteristics significantly influence levels of autism knowledge.
  • Findings underscore the need for targeted educational interventions in specific countries and populations to improve autism awareness and reduce stigma.