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Social interactions in trauma disclosure: A multi-informant and multiconstruct investigation
Naomi Ennis1, Anne C Wagner1,2, Tae L Hart1
1Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University (formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada.
Journal of Traumatic Stress
|March 10, 2023
Summary
Social support impacts trauma recovery, but specific interactions matter. Negative reactions from family/friends and general disapproval significantly predicted posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in trauma survivors.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Social Science
- Trauma Studies
Background:
- Social factors are crucial for trauma recovery.
- Limited research exists on specific social interactions and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.
- Few studies utilize multi-informant data for social support in trauma recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between social interactions from various sources and PTSD symptoms.
- To investigate these associations using multi-informant reports.
- To identify specific social support dynamics influencing trauma recovery.
Main Methods:
- 104 dyads (trauma individual [TI] and close other [CO]) were recruited within 6 months of trauma exposure.
- Assessed PTSD symptoms using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale.
- Collected multi-informant (TI and CO) reports on social interactions (positive/negative reactions from CO, family/friends, general non-COs).
Main Results:
- TI self-report of negative reactions from family/friends was a significant predictor of PTSD symptoms.
- CO collateral report of family/friend disapproval also predicted PTSD symptoms.
- TI self-report of general disapproval strongly predicted PTSD symptoms.
Conclusions:
- Interventions should address family and friend reactions to trauma survivors.
- Societal discourse surrounding trauma and survivor support needs attention.
- Clinical strategies should mitigate disapproval experiences and enhance supportive CO responses.
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