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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2025

Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting
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What and how do different stakeholders contribute to intervention development? A mixed methods study.

Emmy Racine1, Lauren O Mahony1, Fiona Riordan1

  • 1School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland.

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|March 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Involving people with diabetes and healthcare professionals separately in intervention development yielded distinct, valuable feedback for improving screening uptake. Combined meetings integrated fewer suggestions due to feasibility concerns in general practice.

Keywords:
Diabetic Retinopathy Screening.Intervention developmentStudy Within A Trialpatient and public involvementuser involvement

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Intervention Development
  • Patient and Public Involvement

Background:

  • UK Medical Research Council guidelines emphasize end-user input in intervention design.
  • Limited evidence exists on the specific contributions of diverse end-user groups.
  • This study aimed to compare contributions from people with diabetes (PWD) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in developing a retinopathy screening uptake intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and compare the contributions of PWD and HCPs during consensus meetings.
  • To inform the development of an intervention aimed at improving retinopathy screening uptake.
  • To analyze how end-user involvement, in separate versus combined groups, impacts intervention content.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-method, explanatory sequential design was employed, including surveys and semi-structured consensus meetings.
  • PWD and HCPs were assigned to either PWD-only, HCP-only, or combined meetings.
  • Survey data on acceptability and feasibility informed meeting discussions; transcripts were deductively analyzed for feedback and contributions.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences (≥10%) in acceptability and feasibility ratings between PWD and HCPs were observed for 31 of 39 intervention proposals.
  • Shared concerns included communicating risk without causing fear; unique concerns involved resources (HCPs) and privacy (PWD).
  • Fewer suggestions from combined meetings were integrated due to general practice implementation feasibility; four new behavior change techniques were identified.

Conclusions:

  • End-user preferences for intervention content can vary significantly between groups like PWD and HCPs.
  • The structure of involvement (simultaneous vs. separate) influences the nature and integration of feedback.
  • Tailoring involvement strategies may be crucial for maximizing the utility of end-user input in intervention development.