Insights by which TUDCA is a potential therapy against adiposity

Area of Science:

• Metabolic and endocrine functions of adipose tissue.
• Role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in obesity.
• Therapeutic potential of bile acids.

Background:

• Adipose tissue is a dynamic organ regulating energy balance, undergoing significant changes during obesity.
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a key molecular factor in metabolic disorders like obesity.
• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a bile acid, acts as an ER stress inhibitor and chemical chaperone.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the effects of TUDCA, TGR5, and FXR on adipose tissue in obesity.
• To highlight TUDCA's potential in managing obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.
• To explore TUDCA's impact on perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and cardiovascular health.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on TUDCA, TGR5, and FXR in adipose tissue.
• Analysis of TUDCA's mechanisms in inhibiting ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in adipocytes.
• Examination of TUDCA's influence on PVAT function and adiponectin secretion.

Main Results:

• TUDCA effectively reduces ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in adipocytes, counteracting obesity-related metabolic disturbances.
• TUDCA may offer cardiovascular protection in obesity through beneficial effects on PVAT and adiponectin release.
• TUDCA demonstrates potential as a therapeutic agent for obesity and associated comorbidities.

Conclusions:

• TUDCA emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy for obesity and its comorbidities.
• Inhibition of ER stress by TUDCA is a key mechanism for improving adipose tissue function.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate TUDCA's cardiovascular protective mechanisms in obesity.