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Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated With Covid-19 - Single-Center Experience.

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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 often presents with fever, vomiting, and shock. Poor outcomes are linked to acute kidney injury, HLH, and cardiac issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but serious condition linked to COVID-19.
  • Understanding the clinical spectrum and outcomes of MIS-C is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical presentation, phenotypes, and outcomes of MIS-C in children.
  • To identify factors associated with poor outcomes in MIS-C patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study enrolled 257 children with MIS-C from June 2020 to March 2022.
  • Data collected included clinical features, laboratory results, intensive care admission, system involvement, and echocardiographic findings.

Main Results:

  • Fever, vomiting, red eyes, and shock were common presenting features.
  • 45.9% of children presented with shock, 44.4% with a Kawasaki-like phenotype.
  • Left ventricular dysfunction (30.3%), acute kidney injury (13%), and HLH (13.6%) were significant system involvements. Overall mortality was 11.7%.

Conclusions:

  • Kawasaki-like and shock-like presentations are frequent in MIS-C.
  • Coronary abnormalities were observed in 45.9% of children.
  • Acute kidney injury, HLH, mechanical ventilation, and mitral regurgitation predict poor outcomes in MIS-C.