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Related Concept Videos

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
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Traumatic Memory01:20

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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
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Grieving is a complex psychological and emotional process that varies significantly among individuals. George Bonanno's research on bereavement identified four distinct patterns of grieving, offering a nuanced understanding of how people cope with significant loss, such as the death of a spouse, over extended periods. These patterns — resilience, recovery, chronic dysfunction, and delayed grief — highlight the diversity in emotional responses and adaptive mechanisms.
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Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

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Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
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Experiencing Trauma During or Before Pregnancy: Qualitative Secondary Analysis After Two Disasters.

Emily Severson1, Joanne K Olson1, Ashley Hyde2

  • 1Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Maternal and Child Health Journal
|March 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Natural disasters can trigger intense fear in pregnant women, sometimes exceeding past traumas. Past experiences like abuse and health issues also significantly impact women during crises.

Keywords:
EvacuationHurricanePregnancyQualitative analysisStressTraumaWildfire

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatal mental health research
  • Trauma studies
  • Disaster psychology

Background:

  • Limited understanding of trauma experienced by pregnant women during natural disasters.
  • Fort McMurray wildfire (2016) and Hurricane Harvey (2017) impacted thousands of pregnant or preconception women.
  • Disasters necessitated large-scale evacuations, disrupting lives and support systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore immediate and past traumatic experiences of pregnant or preconception women exposed to natural disasters.
  • Investigate the types of trauma experienced during a wildfire and a hurricane.
  • Identify past traumatic experiences disclosed in expressive writing.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative secondary analysis of expressive writing from 50 women (25 from each disaster).
  • Thematic content analysis was used to analyze narrative data.
  • NVivo 12 software facilitated the analysis of writing entries.

Main Results:

  • Disasters evoked fear and anxiety that, for some, surpassed previous traumatic life events.
  • Significant past traumas were disclosed, including betrayal, abuse, maternal health complications, and illness.
  • The expressive writing revealed the profound and lasting impact of both immediate disaster experiences and pre-existing traumas.

Conclusions:

  • A strengths-based and trauma-informed care approach is recommended.
  • This approach should be integrated into both maternal health services and post-disaster relief efforts.
  • Addressing the complex trauma needs of pregnant women in disaster situations is crucial.