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Inhibition of CDKL3 downregulates STAT1 thus suppressing prostate cancer development
Qi Jiang1, Juan Li2, Jingyue Wang3
1Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
Abstract:
Prostate cancer poses a great threat to men's health worldwide, yet its treatment is still limited by the unclear understanding of its molecular mechanisms. CDKL3 is a molecule with a recently discovered regulatory role in human tumors, and its relationship with prostate cancer is unknown. The outcomes of this work showed that CDKL3 was significantly upregulated in prostate cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and was significantly positively correlated with tumor malignancy. Knockdown of CDKL3 levels in prostate cancer cells significantly inhibited cell growth and migration and enhanced apoptosis and G2 arrest of the cell cycle. Cells with lower CDKL3 expression also had relatively weaker in vivo tumorigenic capacity as well as growth capacity. Exploration of downstream mechanisms of CDKL3 may regulate STAT1, which has co-expression characteristics with CDKL3, by inhibiting CBL-mediated ubiquitination of STAT1. Functionally, STAT1 is aberrantly overexpressed in prostate cancer and has a tumor-promoting effect similar to that of CDKL3. More importantly, the phenotypic changes of prostate cancer cells induced by CDKL3 were dependent on ERK pathway and STAT1. In summary, this work identifies CDKL3 as a new prostate cancer-promoting factor, which also has the potential to be a therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
Insights
Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 3 (CDKL3) is upregulated in prostate cancer, promoting tumor growth and migration. Inhibiting CDKL3 offers a potential new therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Prostate cancer remains a significant global health concern for men.
- Current treatment options are limited by an incomplete understanding of prostate cancer's molecular underpinnings.
- The role of Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 3 (CDKL3) in prostate cancer is currently unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role and molecular mechanisms of CDKL3 in prostate cancer.
- To determine if CDKL3 can be a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of CDKL3 expression in prostate cancer tissues versus normal tissues.
- In vitro studies involving CDKL3 knockdown in prostate cancer cells to assess effects on cell growth, migration, apoptosis, and cell cycle.
- In vivo studies evaluating the tumorigenic capacity of cells with varying CDKL3 expression levels.
- Exploration of downstream signaling pathways, including STAT1 and the ERK pathway.
Main Results:
- CDKL3 was significantly upregulated in prostate cancer tissues and correlated positively with tumor malignancy.
- CDKL3 knockdown inhibited prostate cancer cell growth, migration, and in vivo tumorigenicity, while enhancing apoptosis and G2 cell cycle arrest.
- CDKL3 regulates STAT1 by inhibiting its CBL-mediated ubiquitination, and its effects are dependent on the ERK pathway and STAT1.
Conclusions:
- CDKL3 acts as a novel prostate cancer-promoting factor.
- CDKL3 influences prostate cancer progression through regulation of STAT1 and the ERK pathway.
- CDKL3 represents a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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