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Spatial Distribution of Bedding Attributes in an Open Compost-Bedded Pack Barn System with Positive Pressure
Carlos Eduardo Alves Oliveira1, Ilda de Fátima Ferreira Tinôco1, Victor Crespo de Oliveira1
1Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil.
Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|March 11, 2023
Summary
This study analyzed compost-bedded pack barn (CBP) conditions in Brazil, finding high spatial variability in bedding temperature and moisture. Low composting activity was indicated by high subsurface moisture and pH.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Engineering
- Animal Science
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Compost-bedded pack (CBP) barns are used for dairy cattle housing, influencing animal welfare and environmental conditions.
- Understanding bedding attribute dynamics is crucial for optimizing CBP system management, especially during winter.
- Previous research has not fully characterized the spatial variability of key bedding parameters in Brazilian CBP systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the spatial distribution and dependence of bedding attributes in an open compost-bedded pack barn.
- To assess bedding temperature, moisture, air velocity, and pH at surface and subsurface levels.
- To evaluate the composting activity within the bedding material under positive pressure ventilation during winter in Brazil.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a study in July 2021 in Minas Gerais, Brazil, within an open CBP barn with positive pressure ventilation.
- Divided the bedding area into a 44-point grid to measure surface and subsurface (0.2 m depth) temperature, moisture, and pH.
- Measured air velocity at bedding level and employed geostatistics to analyze spatial dependence and variability of all parameters.
Main Results:
- Strong spatial dependence was observed for all measured bedding attributes (temperature, moisture, air velocity, pH).
- High spatial variability was found in surface and subsurface temperature, surface and subsurface moisture, and air velocity.
- Surface bedding temperature was below 20°C, and moisture exceeded 60%. Subsurface conditions showed temperatures below 40°C, moisture above 60%, and pH greater than 9.
Conclusions:
- The bedding attributes exhibit significant spatial variability, requiring localized management strategies within CBP barns.
- The observed subsurface conditions (high moisture, high pH) indicate limited composting activity, potentially impacting bedding quality and barn environment.
- Findings highlight the need for improved management practices to enhance composting efficiency and maintain optimal bedding conditions in Brazilian CBP systems.
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