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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2025

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End-User Assessment of an Innovative Clothing-Based Sensor Developed for Pressure Injury Prevention: A Mixed-Method

Anderson S Rêgo1, Luísa Filipe1, Rosana A Dias2

  • 1Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|March 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study evaluated smart clothing prototypes for preventing pressure injuries. Results show current prototypes need significant improvements in stiffness and roughness for better comfort and safety.

Keywords:
bedridden personsbiomedical technology assessmentmobility limitationpressure injuryprotective clothingwearable electronic devices

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Textile Science
  • Wearable Technology

Background:

  • Pressure injuries are a significant healthcare concern, often linked to prolonged pressure and inadequate comfort in protective garments.
  • Current solutions lack integrated sensing capabilities for real-time monitoring of critical parameters like pressure, temperature, and humidity.
  • Developing smart textiles with embedded sensors offers a promising avenue for proactive prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the physical and comfort requirements of a novel clothing prototype designed with integrated sensors for pressure injury prevention.
  • To assess the adequacy of sensor integration in terms of stiffness, roughness, and overall user comfort.
  • To identify areas for improvement in the development of sensor-embedded garments for healthcare applications.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-method approach combining quantitative (questionnaires) and qualitative (focus groups) data collection.
  • Evaluation by nine expert nurses assessing sensor prototypes based on predefined criteria.
  • Statistical analysis including descriptive and inferential statistics, alongside qualitative thematic analysis (discourse of the collective subject).

Main Results:

  • Prototype A and embroidery components were rated as inadequate for stiffness and roughness.
  • Prototype B showed lower scores in dimension and stiffness compared to other prototypes.
  • Overall, participants found the prototypes lacking in physical requirements (stiffness, roughness) and comfort, necessitating design modifications.

Conclusions:

  • The evaluated clothing prototypes with integrated sensors demonstrate low adequacy in meeting essential physical requirements like stiffness and roughness.
  • Significant improvements are required in material selection and sensor integration to enhance both safety and comfort.
  • Further research and development are needed to optimize sensor-embedded textiles for effective pressure injury prevention.