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Study on Doxorubicin Loading on Differently Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Implications for Controlled
Vladislav R Khabibullin1,2, Margarita R Chetyrkina3, Sergei I Obydennyy4,5
1Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 11, 2023
Summary
Iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized with polymers offer advanced anticancer drug delivery. Polyethylenimine-coated nanoparticles show high doxorubicin loading, while polystyrenesulfonate coatings enable controlled drug release in tumor environments.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Oncology
Background:
- Nanoplatforms are crucial for targeted anticancer drug delivery, aiming to enhance efficacy and minimize side effects.
- Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) offer potential as drug carriers due to their magnetic properties and biocompatibility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize four types of IONs functionalized with different polymers (PEI, PSS, dextran) and porous carbon.
- To compare the doxorubicin loading and release properties of these functionalized IONs.
- To evaluate the preliminary toxicity and blood clotting effects of the most promising IONs.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of IONs functionalized with polyethylenimine (PEI), polystyrenesulfonate (PSS), dextran, and porous carbon.
- Characterization using X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, HRTEM, SEM, magnetic susceptibility, and zeta-potential measurements.
- Doxorubicin loading efficiency at pH 7.4 and desorption at pH 5.0 were quantified.
Main Results:
- IONs modified with PEI demonstrated the highest doxorubicin loading capacity.
- IONs coated with PSS exhibited the greatest drug release (up to 30%) at pH 5.0, simulating tumor conditions.
- PEI- and PSS-modified IONs showed no significant toxicity to Neuro2A cells.
Conclusions:
- Functionalized IONs, particularly those with PEI and PSS, show promise as drug delivery platforms for anticancer agents.
- The controlled release profile at acidic pH suggests potential for prolonged therapeutic action in tumors.
- Further evaluation, including blood clotting assessments, is warranted for clinical development.
