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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Conundrum for Psoriasis and Thyroid Involvement.

Cristina-Ilinca Cira1, Mara Carsote2, Claudiu Nistor3

  • 1Department of Dermatovenerology, "Carol Davila University" of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Elias" University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Patients with psoriasis have an increased risk of thyroid dysfunction, particularly hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroid diseases. Further research is needed to identify specific patient subgroups for endocrine screening.

Keywords:
Basedow diseaseHashimoto’s thyroiditisantibodiesautoimmunepathogenicpsoriasisthyroidthyroid cancerthyroiditis

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The Goeckerman Regimen for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis
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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Dermatology
  • Investigating the complex interplay between autoimmune conditions and endocrine health.

Background:

  • Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, has been anecdotally linked to thyroid anomalies, but clear diagnostic and management strategies are lacking.
  • Existing research presents heterogeneous data, necessitating a comprehensive review of clinical and molecular findings.

Observation:

  • A review of literature from 2016-2023 identified a higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and positive thyroid antibodies in psoriasis patients.
  • Autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATD), hypothyroidism, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis showed statistically significant increased odds in psoriasis patients.
  • Erythrodermic psoriasis exhibited the highest rate of thyroid involvement (59%), while psoriatic arthritis showed a higher risk of positive antithyroperoxidase antibodies.

Findings:

  • Psoriasis patients, especially those with longer disease duration and specific subtypes like psoriatic arthritis and erythrodermic psoriasis, face an elevated risk of thyroid dysfunction, predominantly hypothyroidism.
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPs) used in cancer therapy can trigger or worsen both psoriasis and autoimmune thyroid diseases.
  • Subacute thyroiditis has been reported as an adverse effect of biologic medications used for psoriasis treatment.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness and targeted endocrine screening are crucial for improving outcomes in psoriasis patients with potential thyroid comorbidities.
  • Further research is warranted to define precise criteria for endocrinology referral based on psoriasis subtype, disease duration, and activity.
  • Understanding these associations may lead to more integrated, multidisciplinary patient care strategies.