Corrosion Resistance of GMAW Duplex Stainless Steels Welds

The hydrocarbon industry constantly requires a better understanding of stainless-steel welding metallurgy. Despite the fact that gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is one of the most commonly employed welding processes in the petrochemical industry, the process is characterized by the presence of a high number of variables to control in order to obtain components that are dimensionally repeatable and satisfy the functional requirements. In particular, corrosion is still a phenomenon that highly affects the performance of the exposed materials, and special attention must be paid when welding is applied. In this study, the real operating conditions of petrochemical industry were reproduced through an accelerated test in a corrosion reactor at 70 °C for 600 h, exposing robotic GMAW samples free of defects with suitable geometry. The results show that, even if duplex stainless steels are characterized for being more corrosion resistant than other stainless steels, under these conditions it was possible to identify microstructural damage. In detail was found that the corrosion properties were strongly related to the heat input during welding and that the best corrosion properties can be obtained with the higher heat input.