A Study on the Pressure Mechanism Improvement of a Roller-Type Machine Working Bodies

The parameters of the improved design of the pressure mechanism of a roller technological machine for squeezing wet materials are investigated in this article. The factors influencing the parameters of the pressure mechanism, which provide the required force between the working rolls of a technological machine during the processing of moisture-saturated fibrous materials, such as wet leather, were studied. The processed material is drawn in the vertical direction between the working rolls under their pressure. This study aimed to determine the parameters that make it possible to create the required pressure of the working rolls depending on the change in the thickness of the material being processed. A pressure mechanism of working rolls mounted on levers is proposed. In the design of the proposed device, the length of the levers does not change due to the movement of the sliders when turning the levers; this provides a horizontal direction of the sliders. The change in the pressure force of the working rolls is determined depending on the variation in the nip angle, the coefficient of friction, and other factors. Based on theoretical studies concerning the feed of the semi-finished leather product between the squeezing rolls, graphs were plotted, and conclusions were drawn. An experimental roller stand designated for pressing multi-layer leather semi-finished products has been developed and manufactured. An experiment was carried out to determine the factors affecting the technological process of squeezing excess moisture from wet semi-finished leather products with their multilayer package together with moisture-removing materials by means of their vertical supply on a base plate between rotating squeezing shafts also covered with moisture-removing materials. According to the results of the experiment, the optimal process parameters were selected. It is recommended to carry out the process of squeezing the moisture from two wet semi-finished leather products at a pass rate more than twice as high and with a pressing force of the working shafts two times lower compared to the analog. According to the results of the study, the optimal parameters for the process of squeezing the moisture from two layers of wet leather semi-finished products were chosen, namely the feed rate of 0.34 m/s and a pressing force of the squeezing rollers of 32 kN/m. The use of the proposed roller device allowed an increase of two times or more in the productivity of the process of processing wet leather semi-finished products on the basis of the proposed technique compared to known roller wringers.