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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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Tumor Transplantation for Assessing the Dynamics of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells in Mice
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CD83 expression characterizes precursor exhausted T cell population.

Zhiwen Wu1, Toshiaki Yoshikawa1,2, Satoshi Inoue1

  • 1Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.

Communications Biology
|March 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Precursor exhausted T cells (TPEX) are crucial for cancer immunotherapy. CD83 is identified as a unique surface marker for TPEX, distinguishing them from terminally exhausted and bystander T cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Cellular Immunology

Background:

  • T cell exhaustion hinders effective cancer immunotherapy.
  • Precursor exhausted T cells (TPEX) retain proliferative capacity but share features with other tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TIL).
  • Identifying unique markers for TPEX is critical for improving cancer treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify unique surface markers for precursor exhausted T cells (TPEX).
  • To differentiate TPEX from terminally exhausted and bystander T cells within the tumor microenvironment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized tumor models treated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells.
  • Analyzed surface marker expression, specifically CD83, CCR7, and PD1, on intratumoral CAR-T cells.
  • Validated findings in primary tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) samples.

Main Results:

  • CD83 was predominantly expressed on CCR7+PD1+ (TPEX) CAR-T cells compared to terminally differentiated (CCR7-PD1+) and bystander (CAR-negative) T cells.
  • CD83+CCR7+ CAR-T cells demonstrated enhanced antigen-induced proliferation and IL-2 production.
  • Selective CD83 expression was confirmed in the CCR7+PD1+ population within primary TIL samples.

Conclusions:

  • CD83 serves as a reliable marker to distinguish precursor exhausted T cells (TPEX) from terminally exhausted and bystander TIL.
  • This discovery can aid in developing more targeted and effective cancer immunotherapies.