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mTOR signaling in renal ion transport
Anastasia Adella1, Jeroen H F de Baaij1
1Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)
|March 12, 2023
Summary
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates kidney function, impacting ion transport in different tubular segments. Understanding mTOR
Area of Science:
- Nephrology and Cellular Signaling
- Molecular Biology and Kidney Physiology
Background:
- The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is vital for cell growth, metabolism, and kidney function.
- mTOR signaling is implicated in various renal disorders, including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and polycystic kidney disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of the mTOR signaling pathway in renal tubular ion handling.
- To elucidate the segment-specific functions of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) in the kidney tubule.
Main Methods:
- Review of emerging studies utilizing pharmacological interventions and genetic disease models.
- Analysis of mRNA and protein expression levels of mTORC1 and mTORC2 across different nephron segments.
Main Results:
- mTORC1 and mTORC2 are ubiquitously expressed at the mRNA level in renal tubules.
- Protein levels show a segment-specific balance: mTORC1 in proximal tubules regulates nutrient transport; both mTORC1 and mTORC2 regulate NKCC2 in the thick ascending limb; mTORC2 in collecting ducts controls Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion via SGK1.
Conclusions:
- The mTOR signaling pathway is crucial for tubular solute transport and kidney physiology.
- Further research into upstream activators, including growth factor signaling and nutrient sensing, is needed to fully understand mTOR's role in kidney function.
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