Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 7, 2025
Performing Colonoscopic-Guided Pinch Biopsies in Mice and Evaluating Subsequent Tissue Changes
Published on: February 5, 2021
Resolution of inflammation in xenobiotic-induced mucosal injury and chronic disease
Kymberly M Gowdy1, Debra L Laskin2
1Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.
Abstract:
It has been appreciated for decades that exposure to toxicants can induce injury and inflammation leading to multiple pathologies in many organ systems. However, recently the field has begun to recognize that toxicants can cause chronic pathologies and diseases by impairing processes known to promote the resolution of inflammation. This process is comprised of dynamic and active responses including pro-inflammatory mediator catabolism, dampening of downstream signaling, production of pro-resolving mediators, apoptosis, and efferocytosis of inflammatory cells. These pathways promote the return to local tissue homeostasis and prevent chronic inflammation that can lead to disease. The aim of this special issue was to identify and report on the potential hazards of toxicant exposure on the resolution of inflammation responses. Papers included in the issue also provide insights into biological mechanisms by which toxicants perturb these resolution processes and identify potential therapeutic targets.
Insights
Toxicant exposure can impair the body's natural inflammation resolution processes, leading to chronic diseases. Understanding these mechanisms reveals new therapeutic targets for toxicant-induced pathologies.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Immunology
- Pathology
Background:
- Toxicants are known to cause injury and inflammation across organ systems.
- Emerging research highlights toxicants' role in chronic diseases by disrupting inflammation resolution.
- Inflammation resolution involves complex pathways crucial for returning tissue to homeostasis.
Discussion:
- Toxicant exposure can impede critical resolution processes like mediator catabolism and efferocytosis.
- Impaired resolution pathways contribute to the development and persistence of chronic inflammatory diseases.
- This special issue focuses on the detrimental effects of toxicants on inflammation resolution.
Key Insights:
- Toxicants disrupt the dynamic biological mechanisms that actively resolve inflammation.
- Understanding how toxicants interfere with resolution pathways is key to preventing chronic pathologies.
- Identifying specific molecular targets affected by toxicants offers therapeutic potential.
Outlook:
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of toxicant-induced resolution impairment.
- Developing therapies that restore resolution pathways could mitigate toxicant-induced chronic diseases.
- This field holds promise for novel strategies in managing inflammatory conditions caused by environmental exposures.
More Related Videos
09:11Systematic Scoring Analysis for Intestinal Inflammation in a Murine Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Model
Published on: February 14, 2021
07:38Multimodal Quantitative Phase Imaging with Digital Holographic Microscopy Accurately Assesses Intestinal Inflammation and Epithelial Wound Healing
Published on: September 13, 2016
Related Concept Videos
01:28Inflammatory Response
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
01:29Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management
Pharmacologic...
01:17Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
01:30Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
01:24Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF
01:24Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...