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Microstructure, composition, and flexural strength of different layers within zirconia materials with strength
Thomas Strasser1, Markus Wertz2, Andreas Koenig2
1Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
Summary
Multilayer zirconia blanks vary in composition and microstructure, impacting mechanical strength. Milling position is crucial for optimal use of these dental materials.
Area of Science:
- Dental Materials Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Ceramic Engineering
Background:
- Multilayer zirconia blanks are increasingly used in dental restorations.
- Understanding their material properties is essential for clinical success.
- Variations in composition and microstructure can affect mechanical performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the composition, microstructure, and mechanical strength of commercially available multilayer zirconia blanks.
- To evaluate differences between layers within these blanks.
Main Methods:
- Specimens were fabricated from five different multilayer zirconia blanks.
- Flexural strength was measured using a three-point bending test.
- X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzed crystal structure and microstructure.
Main Results:
- Flexural strength ranged from 467.5 MPa to 898.0 MPa, with significant layer-to-layer differences.
- XRD revealed varying yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) phases (3Y, 4Y, 5Y) across layers.
- SEM showed decreasing grain size from top to bottom layers (0.15–4 µm).
Conclusions:
- Significant variations exist in the composition, microstructure, and mechanical strength of multilayer zirconia blanks.
- The intermediate layers show the most pronounced differences.
- Milling position within the blank should be considered for optimal restorative material selection and performance.
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