Sustainable product-based approach in the production of olefins using a dual functional ZSM-5 catalyst

Investigation of the current industrial processes, such as methanol to olefin (MTO) and hexane to olefin (HTO), in terms of green and sustainable chemistry approaches in order to design the process, catalyst and reactor from the beginning in such a way as to minimize environmental pollution is compulsory. Therefore, the synthesis of a group of multifunctional catalysts, which can be used simultaneously in both industrial processes to produce a variety of products, was studied. The effect of incorporation of different metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Ga and Al) on the strengthening of each of the products was also studied. The investigation of reactor productivity (WHSV_HTO = 25) in HTO showed that the production efficiency of propylene in microchannels is higher than the ideal value for all samples, which is a significant improvement for sustainable approaches in future technologies. Considering the overall performances, Ga-ZM showed the best performance in both processes due to the high P/E ratio. The significant effect of Ga on the increasing of propylene was confirmed in MTO at 400 °C (P/E ≃ ∞), which indicated the dramatic effect of this metal in directing the reaction mechanism to an olefin-based cycle by converting almost all ethylene to propylene by methylation.