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Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
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Age moderation of the association between negative subsequent memory effects and episodic memory performance
Patrick J Pruitt1, Lingfei Tang1,2, Jessica M Hayes1,2
1Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 E. Ferry St., Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
Aging Brain
|March 13, 2023
Summary
Negative subsequent memory effects, observed in functional MRI studies, are linked to memory performance. This association varies across the lifespan, being strongest in young adults and absent in children and older adults.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Negative subsequent memory effects (NSMEs) in functional MRI (fMRI) studies correlate with memory performance.
- The influence of age on the relationship between NSMEs and memory performance remains largely unexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how age impacts the association between NSMEs during episodic memory formation and subsequent memory recognition performance.
- To elucidate brain systems supporting memory across the lifespan.
Main Methods:
- Examined fMRI data during episodic memory encoding and behavioral recognition performance in 109 participants.
- Included four age groups: children (8-12), adolescents (13-17), young adults (18-25), and older adults (55-85).
Main Results:
- Young adults exhibited the highest memory performance and strongest NSMEs.
- Older adults showed reduced NSMEs compared to young adults.
- A significant interaction revealed that the positive association between NSMEs and memory performance was strongest in young adults, weaker in children, and non-existent in older adults.
Conclusions:
- NSMEs differentially support memory performance across development and aging.
- The findings highlight the dynamic role of NSMEs in memory across the lifespan, suggesting distinct neural mechanisms in different age groups.
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