Comparison Between Closed and Open Methods for Creating Pneumoperitoneum in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Area of Science:

• Surgical Techniques
• Minimally Invasive Surgery
• Gastrointestinal Surgery

Background:

• Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common procedure for gallstones.
• Creating pneumoperitoneum is a critical step in laparoscopic surgery.
• Comparing open and closed methods for pneumoperitoneum is essential for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy and safety of open versus closed pneumoperitoneum techniques.
• To evaluate outcomes and complication rates for both methods.
• To determine the optimal approach for pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Main Methods:

• A prospective, observational study involving 60 patients with cholelithiasis.
• Patients were divided into two groups: closed technique (31) and open technique (29).
• Key parameters assessed included access time, gas leak, visceral/vascular injury, conversion rates, and port site complications.

Main Results:

• The open method showed a slightly higher incidence of minor gas leaks.
• Mean access time was shorter with the open technique compared to the closed technique.
• No significant differences were observed in major complications like visceral injury, vascular injury, or port site issues.

Conclusions:

• The open technique for pneumoperitoneum is a safe and effective alternative to the closed technique.
• Both methods demonstrate comparable safety profiles for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
• The choice between open and closed pneumoperitoneum may depend on surgeon preference and specific patient factors.