Stochastic Bullvalene Architecture Modulates Structural Rigidity in π-Rich Macromolecules

The synthesis and processing of π-rich polymers found in novel electronics and textiles is difficult because chain stiffness leads to low solubility and high thermal transitions. The incorporation of "shape-shifting" molecular cages into π-rich backbone provides an ensemble of structural kinks to modulate chain architecture via a self-contained library of valence isomers. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of (bullvalene-co-phenylene)s that feature smaller persistence lengths than a prototypical rigid rod polymer, poly(p-phenylene). By varying the amount of bullvalene incorporation within a poly(p-phenylene) chain (0-50 %), we can tune thermal properties and solution-state conformation. These features are caused by stochastic bullvalene isomers within the polymer backbone that result in kinked architectures. Synthetically, bullvalene incorporation offers a facile method to decrease structural rigidity within π-rich materials without concomitant crystallization. VT NMR experiments confirm that these materials remain dynamic in solution, offering the opportunity for future stimuli-responsive applications.