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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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No reliable effect of task-irrelevant cross-modal statistical regularities on distractor suppression.

Kishore Kumar Jagini1, Meera Mary Sunny1

  • 1Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|March 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study explored if auditory cues could suppress visual distractors using statistical regularities. Results indicate that auditory statistical regularities did not reliably influence visual distractor suppression, regardless of awareness.

Keywords:
AttentionAttention captureCross-modalDistractor suppressionStatistical regularities

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Perception

Background:

  • Sensory systems leverage statistical regularities for efficient processing.
  • Prior research shows modality-specific and cross-modal statistical learning can enhance target processing or suppress distractors.
  • The potential for cross-modal statistical regularities to suppress distractors remains unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if task-irrelevant auditory statistical regularities (spatial and non-spatial) can suppress salient visual distractors.
  • To determine if awareness of the auditory-visual relationship influences distractor suppression.

Main Methods:

  • A visual search task with high-probability distractor locations was employed.
  • Task-irrelevant auditory stimuli with predictable spatial or non-spatial regularities cued distractor locations.
  • Behavioral data (reaction times) and awareness were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Distractor suppression was observed at high-probability locations, consistent with prior findings.
  • No reaction time advantage was found for valid distractor location trials compared to invalid ones.
  • Explicit awareness of the auditory-visual relationship was present only in Experiment 1, with potential response biases.

Conclusions:

  • Task-irrelevant auditory statistical regularities did not reliably influence visual distractor suppression.
  • The findings suggest that cross-modal statistical learning may not effectively suppress distractors, irrespective of explicit awareness.