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Study of Typical Ruptured and Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Based on Fluid-Structure Interaction
Bei Gao1, Hongchang Ding1, Yande Ren2
1College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis reveals that ruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) exhibit distinct hemodynamic features. These include larger low wall shear stress (WSS) areas and more complex, unstable blood flow patterns, indicating key risk factors for rupture.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Imaging
- Computational Fluid Dynamics
Background:
- Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are arterial bulges influenced by geometry, hemodynamics, and pathophysiology.
- Hemodynamics is critical in IA development and rupture.
- Previous studies often ignored arterial wall deformation, using rigid wall models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the characteristics of ruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) using fluid-structure interaction (FSI).
- To compare hemodynamic parameters between ruptured and unruptured IAs.
- To identify potential risk factors for IA rupture.
Main Methods:
- Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis was applied to 12 intracranial aneurysms (IAs) (8 ruptured, 4 unruptured).
- Hemodynamic parameters including flow patterns, wall shear stress (WSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and arterial wall displacement/deformation were analyzed.
- Comparisons were made between ruptured and unruptured IA groups.
Main Results:
- Ruptured IAs showed larger areas of low wall shear stress (WSS).
- Flow patterns in ruptured IAs were more complex, concentrated, and unstable.
- Higher oscillatory shear index (OSI) and greater, more concentrated arterial wall displacement/deformation were observed in ruptured IAs.
Conclusions:
- Factors like large aspect ratio, complex flow, low WSS regions, high OSI, and significant aneurysm dome displacement are potential risk factors for IA rupture.
- FSI simulations provide more realistic insights into IA behavior.
- Clinical application of these simulations can aid in prioritizing diagnosis and treatment for high-risk cases.
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