Predictive and prognostic value of leptin status in asthma

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine
• Endocrinology
• Biomarkers and Diagnostics

Background:

• Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease.
• Leptin, an adipokine, plays a role in inflammation and immune responses.
• The association between leptin levels and asthma severity requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of leptin status in asthma.
• To compare leptin levels between asthma patients and non-asthma controls.
• To assess differences in leptin levels between mild and severe asthma cases.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted on electronic databases up to May 2020.
• A pooled analysis of 59 studies was performed.
• Meta-regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of age and gender.

Main Results:

• Asthma patients exhibited significantly higher leptin levels compared to non-asthma controls across all populations (SMD: 1.061).
• Severe asthma cases showed markedly higher leptin levels than mild cases, especially in Asian populations (SMD: 2.600).
• Leptin levels were significantly elevated in asthma patients across Caucasian, Asian, and African populations.

Conclusions:

• Leptin levels are significantly higher in individuals with asthma compared to healthy controls.
• Elevated leptin levels correlate with increased asthma severity, suggesting its role as a potential biomarker.
• Early monitoring and intervention targeting leptin may be beneficial for asthma management.