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Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 Infection Screening before Thoracic Surgery during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter

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The combination of an anamnestic questionnaire and RT-PCR testing is an effective COVID-19 screening strategy for thoracic surgery patients. This approach identifies asymptomatic infections, enhancing safety for patients and staff during the pandemic.

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Area of Science:

  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Infectious Disease Screening
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preoperative screening for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is crucial for patient and staff safety during thoracic surgery.
  • Identifying effective screening tools is essential to prevent undetected infections in surgical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different preoperative COVID-19 screening strategies before thoracic surgery.
  • To determine the most efficient method for detecting asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort multicenter study involving 3 Italian thoracic surgery centers.
  • Analysis of 430 screenings across 275 adult patients undergoing thoracic surgery between March 4th and April 24th, 2020.
  • Comparison of screening yields from anamnestic questionnaires, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and chest computed tomography (CT) scans.

Main Results:

  • The combined strategy of an anamnestic questionnaire and RT-PCR yielded 7.8% positive cases.
  • Combining an anamnestic questionnaire with chest CT resulted in a 3.8% positive yield.
  • Individual screening methods showed yields of 1.1% for questionnaires, 5.2% for RT-PCR, and 3.8% for CT scans.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of an anamnestic questionnaire and RT-PCR is a valuable tool for preoperative SARS-CoV-2 screening in thoracic surgery.
  • This dual approach can detect approximately 8 asymptomatic infections per 100 patients.
  • Implementing this combined strategy can significantly improve preoperative safety protocols.