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Toto, we're not in Kansas anymore: First reported case of M. persicum septic arthritis

Mitchell G Dumais1, Nancy L Wengenack2, Andrew P Norgan2,3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
|March 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

A rare Mycobacterium persicum infection caused septic arthritis in a US patient with home gardening exposure. This is the first reported case of M. persicum septic arthritis in the United States.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Septic arthritis is a serious joint infection requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment.
  • Mycobacterium persicum is a recently described species within the Mycobacterium kansasii complex.
  • Exposure to environmental mycobacteria can lead to opportunistic infections.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with symptoms of septic arthritis.
  • The patient had a history of significant home gardening activities.
  • Standard microbiological cultures initially suggested a complex mycobacterial infection.

Findings:

  • Genetic sequencing identified the causative agent as Mycobacterium persicum.
  • This case represents the first documented infection by Mycobacterium persicum in the United States.
  • The patient's septic arthritis was attributed to M. persicum, linked to gardening exposure.

Implications:

  • Highlights the potential for Mycobacterium persicum to cause human disease, specifically septic arthritis.
  • Underscores the importance of considering environmental mycobacteria in the differential diagnosis of septic arthritis, especially with relevant exposure history.
  • Suggests home gardening as a potential risk factor for M. persicum exposure and infection.
Keywords:
Antibiotic resistanceM. persicumMycobacteriumNTMSeptic arthritis

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