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North American Contact Dermatitis Group Patch Test Results: 2019-2020.

Joel G DeKoven1,2, Erin M Warshaw3,4,5, Margo J Reeder6

  • 1From the *Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Dermatitis : Contact, Atopic, Occupational, Drug
|March 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patch testing identified common allergens causing allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Methylisothiazolinone (MI) allergy prevalence may be stabilizing in North America, but other allergens like nickel and fragrance mix I remain prevalent.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common skin condition.
  • Patch testing is crucial for diagnosing ACD.
  • The North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) monitors allergen prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report NACDG patch testing results from 2019-2020.
  • To identify prevalent allergens and trends in ACD.
  • To assess changes in allergen positivity compared to previous periods.

Main Methods:

  • Standardized patch testing with 80 screening allergens and supplemental allergens.
  • Data collected from 4121 patients across 13 North American centers.
  • Analysis of positive reactions and primary ACD diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • Nickel (18.2%), methylisothiazolinone (MI) (13.8%), and fragrance mix (FM) I (12.8%) were most common positive allergens.
  • Prevalence increased for FM I, hydroperoxides of linalool (HPL), benzisothiazolinone (BIT), propolis, and hydroperoxides of limonene.
  • MI positivity did not increase, suggesting a potential plateau in the MI allergy epidemic.

Conclusions:

  • Patch testing remains essential for diagnosing ACD.
  • While MI allergy may be stabilizing, other allergens continue to be significant.
  • A substantial number of patients react to allergens not included in standard series, highlighting the need for comprehensive testing.