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Human migration in the eastern Tianshan Mountains between the 7th and 12th centuries.

Letian He1, Huihui Cao2, Yongqiang Wang3

  • 1Department of Archaeology and Museology, School of History and Culture, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.

American Journal of Biological Anthropology
|March 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Population migration in Central Asia during the 7th-12th centuries is illuminated by isotopic analysis of human remains. Geopolitics significantly influenced migration patterns in the eastern Tianshan Mountains.

Keywords:
ancient silk roadcultural interactiongeopolitical patternisotopic analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Archaeology
  • Paleogenetics
  • Isotope Geochemistry

Background:

  • Mid- to late-Holocene population migrations significantly shaped Eurasian ethnic and cultural interactions, particularly in Central Asia.
  • Historical documentation and archaeological evidence for migration processes in the eastern Tianshan Mountains during this period are limited.
  • Understanding population movements is crucial for reconstructing historical cultural dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of human migration in the eastern Tianshan Mountains between the 7th and 12th centuries.
  • To explore the factors influencing population migration and cultural interaction in the region.
  • To propose a new model for diachronic changes in human migration patterns.

Main Methods:

  • An interdisciplinary approach combining archaeological data and stable isotope analysis (strontium and lead) of tooth enamel.
  • Analysis of 56 human remains from the Lafuqueke (LFQK) cemetery in the Hami Basin.
  • Application of a three-phase migration model based on isotopic findings.

Main Results:

  • Isotopic analysis revealed distinct migration phases, with the early phase (7th-mid 7th century) showing the highest proportion of non-locals (54.55%).
  • The proportion of non-locals decreased in the middle phase (mid 7th-mid 8th centuries) to 30.77% and further declined after the 10th century (16.13%).
  • These findings suggest significant population movements and subsequent stabilization over time.

Conclusions:

  • The study proposes a new model for diachronic changes in human migration and cultural interaction in the eastern Tianshan Mountains.
  • Geopolitics emerged as a significant factor influencing the migratory behavior of the LFQK population.
  • The findings contribute to a better understanding of historical population dynamics and cultural exchange in Central Asia.