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Phenotypic and Genomic Characterization of ST133 Siderophore-Encoding Extensively Drug-Resistant Enterobacter

Yonglu Huang1, Yuchen Wu1, Chang Cai2

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
|March 15, 2023
PubMed

Insights

A highly drug-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei strain (ST133) showed increased virulence. This strain carried key antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors, often linked to IncHI2 superplasmids in other ST133 strains.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Enterobacter hormaechei is an opportunistic pathogen.
  • Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global health concern.
  • ST133 is a significant sequence type associated with E. hormaechei.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a novel extensively drug-resistant ST133 Enterobacter hormaechei strain.
  • To investigate the genetic basis of its resistance and virulence.
  • To compare it with other ST133 E. hormaechei strains.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing of the C210017 isolate.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes.
  • Comparative genomics with a database of ST133 E. hormaechei strains.
  • Galleria mellonella infection model for virulence assessment.

Main Results:

  • The identified strain, C210017, is extensively drug-resistant and belongs to ST133.
  • Genomic analysis revealed the presence of blaKPC-2 and mcr-9.1 antibiotic resistance genes.
  • Virulence genes encoding siderophores (iutAiucABCD and iroBCDEN) were identified.
  • Comparative genomics indicated serotype O3 for all ST133 strains studied, with most carrying IncHI2 superplasmids linked to resistance and virulence.

Conclusions:

  • The ST133 Enterobacter hormaechei strain C210017 exhibits enhanced virulence and carries significant antibiotic resistance and virulence determinants.
  • IncHI2 superplasmids appear to play a crucial role in the resistance, virulence, and host adaptation of ST133 E. hormaechei.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the epidemiology and clinical implications of these highly resistant and virulent strains.
Keywords:
Enterobacter hormaecheiST133blaKPC-2extensive drug resistancegenomic characterizationhypervirulenceincreased virulencemcr-9siderophore

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