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Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Ex Vivo Organotypic Corneal Model of Acute Epithelial Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection
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Published on: November 3, 2012

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Clinical Features of Pediatric Age Herpes Simplex Virus Keratitis

Elif Akbas Ulman1, Ozlem Barut Selver, Elif Demirkilinc Biler

  • 1Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Izmir, Turkey.

Cornea
|March 15, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric herpes simplex virus keratitis, particularly in immunodeficient children, has a high recurrence rate and risk of amblyopia. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for better visual outcomes in children.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis is a significant cause of corneal disease in children.
  • Recurrence and complications like amblyopia can lead to long-term visual impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the clinical characteristics of pediatric HSV keratitis.
  • To determine recurrence rates and factors influencing them.
  • To evaluate the impact on visual acuity and the development of amblyopia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of pediatric patients (0-16 years) with HSV keratitis.
  • Review of clinical data including demographics, systemic diseases, recurrence history, treatment, and follow-up.
  • Analysis of factors associated with recurrence and amblyopia development.

Main Results:

  • Recurrence was observed in 22.7% of patients, significantly higher (50%) in immunodeficient individuals.
  • Immunodeficiency was a key risk factor for recurrence (P=0.03).
  • Amblyopia developed in 66.7% of patients younger than 10 years.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood HSV keratitis, often stromal, leads to scarring, astigmatism, and amblyopia.
  • Immunosuppression increases recurrence risk.
  • Close monitoring, timely diagnosis, and treatment are vital for managing amblyopia and ensuring good visual prognosis.
Abstract

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