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Directional selection and variation in finite populations.

P D Keightley1, W G Hill

  • 1Institute of Animal Genetics, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.

Genetics
|November 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Genetic variance and response to selection are predicted in finite populations considering mutation and linkage. Linkage reduces variance and response, especially with many small-effect mutations or when most mutations increase trait values.

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Linkage disequilibrium in finite populations.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2014

Area of Science:

  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Population Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Understanding genetic variation and evolutionary response is crucial in finite populations.
  • Mutation, selection, and linkage are key factors influencing genetic parameters.
  • The infinitesimal model provides a theoretical baseline for genetic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict equilibrium genetic variances and responses to directional selection.
  • To investigate the joint effects of mutation and linkage in finite populations.
  • To explore conditions favoring Muller's ratchet.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the infinitesimal model as a limiting case.
  • Monte Carlo simulations for non-infinitesimal scenarios.
  • Modeling directional selection, mutation, and linkage effects.

Main Results:

  • Unlinked, symmetrically distributed mutations: variance of mutant effects is not critical.
  • Skewed mutation effects: proportion of increasing mutations is key, unless effects/population size are small.
  • Linkage reduces genetic variance and response, particularly with many small-effect mutations or predominantly beneficial mutations.

Conclusions:

  • Linkage significantly impacts genetic variance and response, leading to downward skew in genotypic values.
  • The distribution and effect size of mutations, along with linkage, determine evolutionary trajectories.
  • Conditions for Muller's ratchet are influenced by these genetic and population parameters.

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