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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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αSiC - βSiC - graphene composites.

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This study enhanced silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics by adding graphene and nano beta-SiC, significantly improving mechanical properties like fracture toughness. The optimal 5 wt.% nano beta-SiC and 1 wt.% graphene composite achieved superior density, modulus, and strength.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Ceramic Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics are crucial for high-performance applications.
  • Improving the mechanical properties of SiC, such as fracture toughness and strength, remains a key research objective.
  • Graphene and nano beta-SiC are promising reinforcements for advanced ceramic composites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of graphene and nano beta-SiC on the mechanical properties of pressureless sintered alpha-SiC based composites.
  • To determine the optimal composition for enhanced mechanical performance.
  • To compare three-point bending and biaxial bending test methods for strength evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Pressureless sintering of alpha-SiC composites with varying amounts of graphene (0-3 wt.%) and nano beta-SiC (0-15 wt.%).
  • Characterization of mechanical properties including relative density, Young's modulus, fracture toughness, bending strength, and hardness.
  • Comparison of three-point bending and biaxial (piston-on-three-ball) tests for bending strength measurement.

Main Results:

  • The highest relative density (99.04%), Young's modulus (537.76 GPa), and fracture toughness (5.73 MPa·m^1/2) were achieved with 5 wt.% nano beta-SiC and 1 wt.% graphene (5B1G).
  • The 5B1G composite exhibited a three-point bending strength of 582.01 MPa and biaxial bending strength of 441.56 MPa.
  • Hardness values reached 28.03 GPa (10 N) and 29.97 GPa (1 N) in samples with 5 wt.% nano beta-SiC (5B).
  • Crack deflection/bridging and residual stresses due to thermal expansion mismatch were identified as mechanisms for improved fracture toughness.

Conclusions:

  • Simultaneous addition of nano beta-SiC and graphene, along with the phase transformation of beta-SiC to alpha-SiC, significantly enhances the mechanical properties of SiC ceramics.
  • The 5 wt.% nano beta-SiC and 1 wt.% graphene composite demonstrates superior mechanical performance.
  • Biaxial bending tests provide comparable trends to three-point bending tests, offering an alternative evaluation method.