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Ultrafast tunable lasers using lithium niobate integrated photonics.

Viacheslav Snigirev^1,2, Annina Riedhauser³, Grigory Lihachev^1,2

¹Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

|March 16, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a hybrid silicon nitride-lithium niobate laser for frequency-agile, narrow-linewidth applications. This integrated laser enables fast tuning and demonstrates potential for coherent optical ranging, advancing photonic integrated circuits.

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Integrated Optics
Materials Science
Electro-optics

Background:

Thin-film lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) on insulator has enabled advanced photonic integrated circuits, modulators, and electro-optic devices.
While tunable integrated lasers based on LiNbO₃ exist, achieving frequency-agile, narrow-linewidth performance has remained a challenge.
Existing integration methods often involve chiplet-level assembly, which can introduce losses and complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a frequency-agile, narrow-linewidth integrated laser using a hybrid silicon nitride (Si₃N₄)-LiNbO₃ photonic platform.
To demonstrate the capabilities of this hybrid platform for applications such as coherent laser ranging.
To overcome limitations of previous LiNbO₃-based tunable lasers by improving tuning speed and maintaining narrow linewidth.

Main Methods:

Heterogeneous integration of ultralow-loss Si₃N₄ photonic integrated circuits with thin-film LiNbO₃ via direct wafer-level bonding.
Achieving narrow-linewidth lasing (3 kHz intrinsic linewidth) through self-injection locking to a laser diode.
Utilizing the hybrid resonator mode for fast (12 × 10¹⁵ Hz/s), linear, and low-hysteresis electro-optic frequency tuning.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a hybrid Si₃N₄-LiNbO₃ platform with low propagation loss (8.5 dB/m).
Achieved narrow-linewidth lasing with a fast electro-optic tuning rate.
Successfully performed a proof-of-concept coherent optical ranging (FMCW LiDAR) experiment using the hybrid integrated laser.

Conclusions:

The hybrid Si₃N₄-LiNbO₃ platform effectively combines the advantages of both materials for advanced photonic devices.
This integrated laser platform offers significant potential for applications requiring fast tuning and narrow linewidth, such as coherent LiDAR.
Wafer-level direct bonding provides a superior integration approach compared to chiplet-level methods for achieving high-performance photonic circuits.