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Types of Cement II01:22

Types of Cement II

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Portland blast-furnace cement is made by blending Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, which accounts for 25 to 65 percent of the cement's weight. Despite its similarities to ordinary Portland (Type I) cement in terms of fineness and setting times, its early strength is lower, though it achieves comparable strength later on. It's particularly suited for mass concrete structures and marine environments due to its lower heat of hydration and superior sulfate...
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Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...
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Types of Cement I01:21

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Portland cement comes in several types, each with distinct properties and applications based on their chemical composition and hydration characteristics:
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
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Superplasticizers01:30

Superplasticizers

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Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
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Detection and Removal of Tooth-Colored Composite Resin Using the Fluorescence-Aided Identification Technique
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Resin composite cements: Current status and a novel classification proposal.

Tatjana Maravić1, Claudia Mazzitelli1, Edoardo Mancuso1

  • 1Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna - Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy.

Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry : Official Publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [Et Al.]
|March 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new classification for resin cements is proposed, clarifying the term "universal cement." This aims to standardize terminology and improve understanding of these versatile dental materials.

Keywords:
classificationpropertiesresin composite cementsreviewuniversal cement

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Restorative Dentistry

Background:

  • Inconsistent terminology and lack of a clear classification for resin cements, particularly newer universal types, hinder scientific communication.
  • The evolution of resin cements shows a trend towards simplified and versatile luting materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel classification for resin composite cements.
  • To disambiguate the term "universal cements."
  • To provide an overview of the properties of universal resin cements.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive analysis of peer-reviewed literature was conducted using PubMed.
  • Market research on definitive resin composite cements was performed.

Main Results:

  • A new classification is proposed: (1) adhesive/multi-step, (2) self-adhesive/one-step, and (3) universal cements (one- or multi-step).
  • "Universal cements" are defined as those using a universal adhesive resin for both tooth and restorative material priming, independent of the substrate.
  • While in vitro results are promising, further clinical trials and long-term laboratory studies are needed.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed classification reflects current advances in resin-based cements.
  • Disambiguating "universal cement" will standardize research terminology.
  • Improved understanding of resin cement classification aids clinical practitioners in selecting appropriate materials and techniques.