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Criticality in the Healthy Brain.

Jifan Shi1,2, Kenji Kirihara3,4, Mariko Tada3

  • 1International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Frontiers in Network Physiology
|March 17, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The healthy brain operates near a critical state, unlike the more stable states seen in psychotic disorders. This research uses brain network analysis to explore mental health dynamics.

Keywords:
critical brain hypothesiscriticality of the neuronal networkdynamical network analysisdynamical network markermismatch negativitypsychotic disorderrisk of mental disorderschizophrenia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Complex Systems Science
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • The brain's robustness and flexibility are key features, yet its operational mechanisms remain largely unknown.
  • The critical brain hypothesis suggests that criticality is fundamental to healthy brain function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of criticality in the brain networks of individuals with psychotic disorders (PDs), ultra-high risk (UHR) individuals, and healthy controls (HCs).
  • To evaluate the utility of dynamical network analysis as a biophysical tool for understanding mental diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data from PDs, UHR individuals, and HCs.
  • Application of dynamical network analysis to assess brain states.

Main Results:

  • Healthy brains (HCs) exhibit dynamics near a critical state.
  • Brains of patients with PDs fall into more stable, less critical states.
  • UHR individuals show entropy patterns similar to PDs but causality patterns resembling HCs.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide evidence supporting the critical brain hypothesis for normal brain function.
  • Dynamical network analysis is a practical tool for studying the dynamic properties of mental disorders.