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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2025

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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Progression in immunotherapy for advanced prostate cancer.

Hao Liang1, Yang Liu1,2, Jiao Guo3

  • 1Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.

Frontiers in Oncology
|March 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Immunotherapy offers a promising new avenue for advanced prostate cancer treatment, particularly for metastatic castration-resistant cases. Ongoing research and clinical trials are exploring its potential, especially in combination therapies.

Keywords:
combination therapyimmunotherapyprostate cancertargeted therapyvaccine therapy

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Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in males.
  • Current treatments like surgery and radiation therapy have limitations, with some patients experiencing recurrence or advanced disease.
  • Immunotherapy has emerged as a revolutionary cancer treatment, showing success in other malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape and future potential of immunotherapy in advanced prostate cancer treatment.
  • To highlight the role of immunotherapies such as therapeutic vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
  • To discuss the application of immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of clinical trial outcomes for prostate cancer immunotherapy.
  • Focus on combination immunotherapies and their efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy has demonstrated initial success in advanced prostate cancer, especially in combination approaches.
  • Therapeutic vaccines and immune checkpoint therapies are key areas of development.
  • Current use is primarily in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy represents a significant advancement in treating advanced prostate cancer.
  • Further clinical trials are essential to solidify the role of immunotherapy.
  • Combination immunotherapies show particular promise for improved patient outcomes.