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Simulating Multi-Scale Pulmonary Vascular Function by Coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics With an Anatomic Network

Behdad Shaarbaf Ebrahimi1, Haribalan Kumar1, Merryn H Tawhai1

  • 1Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Frontiers in Network Physiology
|March 17, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a multi-scale computational model for pulmonary hemodynamics. The model predicts how vascular changes and posture affect blood flow and gas exchange across different lung scales.

Keywords:
computational fluid mechanicscomputational modellungnetwork flow modellingpulmonary circulation

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary circulation research
  • Computational fluid dynamics
  • Cardiovascular system modeling

Background:

  • Pulmonary circulation involves multi-scale blood flow from centimeters to microns.
  • Existing computational models often fail to capture pulmonary perfusion across all relevant spatial scales.
  • Scale-dependent mechanisms govern flow in the pulmonary vascular system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multi-scale computational model of pulmonary hemodynamics.
  • To integrate 3D major vessel complexities with 1D anatomically-based networks for capillary perfusion.
  • To predict the impact of vascular remodeling, occlusion, and posture on pulmonary blood flow and gas exchange.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a multi-scale model coupling 3D major pulmonary vessels with a 1D anatomically-based vascular network.
  • Incorporated factors like gravity into the capillary perfusion model.
  • Simulated the effects of vascular remodeling and occlusion on macro- and micro-scale parameters.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully predicts macro-scale drivers like flow distribution and wall shear stress.
  • It also predicts micro-scale contributors to gas exchange.
  • Demonstrated posture-dependent redistribution of blood flow on both macro- and micro-scales.
  • Estimated posture-induced variations in pulmonary artery wall shear stress (0.75-1.35 dyne/cm²).

Conclusions:

  • The multi-scale model offers a comprehensive approach to understanding pulmonary blood flow.
  • It can predict functional impacts of vascular changes and posture on pulmonary hemodynamics.
  • This model advances the study of gas exchange and cardiovascular mechanics in the lung.