Autoimmune hepatitis and eosinophilia: A rare case report.

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Gastroenterology
• Immunology

Background:

• Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic liver disease of unknown etiology.
• It involves immune-mediated liver injury and immunological aspects.
• Eosinophilia can be a notable feature, especially in males.

Observation:

• A Crohn's disease patient presented with new-onset hypergammaglobulinemia.
• The patient exhibited circulating autoantibodies, elevated transaminases, peripheral eosinophilia, and high immunoglobulin E levels.
• Liver biopsy revealed autoimmune hepatitis with eosinophilic infiltration.

Findings:

• This is the first reported instance of autoimmune hepatitis with pronounced eosinophilic infiltration in the liver and bone marrow.
• The condition was observed in a patient with co-existing Crohn's disease.

Implications:

• This case expands the understanding of autoimmune hepatitis presentations.
• It suggests a potential link between Crohn's disease and autoimmune hepatitis with eosinophilic features.
• Further research may elucidate shared immunological pathways or triggers.