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An analysis of risk factors associated with recurrent wheezing in the pediatric population
Yibing Zhu1,2, Lumin Chen2, Yecheng Miao3
1Division of birth cohort study, Fujian maternity and children health hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Insights
Identifying risk factors for recurrent wheezing in children is crucial. Male gender, low birth weight, severe pneumonia, and a history of respiratory or cardiovascular diseases are key risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Respiratory Medicine
- Clinical Epidemiology
Background:
- Recurrent wheezing is a prevalent condition in early childhood, leading to significant morbidity.
- Current management and prevention strategies lack international consensus, highlighting the need to identify associated risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify independent risk factors associated with recurrent wheezing in pediatric patients diagnosed with pneumonia.
- To inform preventative strategies and clinical management for recurrent wheezing episodes in young children.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study analyzed data from 24,737 patients admitted between April 2012 and September 2019.
- 8,572 patients with pneumonia and wheezing were identified and stratified by age (<6 months, 6-12 months, >12 months).
- Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine risk factors for recurrent wheezing.
Main Results:
- Out of 8,569 pediatric pneumonia patients with wheezing, 343 had recurrent wheezing.
- The majority of patients were under 6 months old (45.17%) and had normal birth weight (86.95%).
- Significant risk factors identified included male gender, prior respiratory/cardiovascular diseases, low birth weight, severe pneumonia, and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admission.
Conclusions:
- Male gender, history of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, low birth weight, severe pneumonia, and PICU admission are independent risk factors for recurrent wheezing.
- These findings are critical for developing targeted prevention and management strategies for recurrent wheezing in children.
Background:
Recurrent wheezing is a common clinical problem in early childhood, which is associated with significant morbidity. There is no international consensus on the management and prevention of recurrent wheezing; therefore, identifying the risk factors associated with recurrent wheezing is crucial to prevent episodes of wheezing in young children.
Methods:
In this retrospective study, we collected the data of 24,737 patients who were admitted to our hospital between 27th April 2012 and 11th September 2019. After screening for patients with wheezing, we identified 8572 patients with a primary diagnosis of pneumonia with wheezing. Patients' clinical data were collected from the hospital medical records. Patients were stratified for age in the groups of < 6 months, 6-12 months, and > 12 months.
Results:
Among the 8569 pediatric pneumonia patients with wheezing, there were 343 patients with recurrent wheezing. Most enrolled patients were under 6 months of age (45.17%) and had a normal birth weight (86.95%). Winter was the most common onset season for the first episode of wheezing, while spring was the most common season for the second episode of wheezing for those with recurrent wheezing. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for the risk factor associated with recurrent wheezing showed that male gender, past history of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, low birth weight, development of severe pneumonia, and PICU admission were significantly associated with recurrent wheezing.
Conclusion:
Male gender, past history of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, low birth weight, severe pneumonia, and PICU admission are independent risk factors of recurrent wheezing in the pediatric population.
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