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Severity of cystoid macular oedema in preterm infants observed using hand-held spectral domain optical coherence

Samira Anwar1,2, Mintu Nath3, Irene Gottlob4

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK. sa897@leicester.ac.uk.

Eye (London, England)
|March 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Cystoid macular oedema (CMO) in preterm infants, measured by handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography (HH-SD-OCT), shows improved severity weekly for both fovea and dome types. No association was found with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Cystoid macular oedema (CMO) is a concern in preterm infants.
  • Handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography (HH-SD-OCT) is a key tool for assessing infant retinal health.
  • Understanding CMO's relationship with gestational age and other factors is crucial for preterm infant eye care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between cystoid macular oedema (CMO) in preterm infants and factors like gestational age at birth (GA), birthweight (BW), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and external limiting membrane (ELM) status.
  • To quantify CMO using HH-SD-OCT, differentiating between 'fovea' and 'dome' types.
  • To analyze the changes in CMO severity over postmenstrual age (PMA).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study involving 112 preterm infants (23-36 weeks GA).
  • Retinal imaging was performed using HH-SD-OCT between 31 to 44 weeks PMA.
  • CMO was measured for thickness, width, area, and peak, categorized as 'fovea' or 'dome'.

Main Results:

  • CMO was detected in 22.9% of preterm infants and 19.2% of images.
  • 'Dome' CMO was significantly larger in thickness, area, and peak compared to 'fovea' CMO (P < 0.0001).
  • CMO area and width decreased significantly with increasing PMA for both types, indicating improvement over time.

Conclusions:

  • HH-SD-OCT imaging in preterm infants reveals a weekly improvement in CMO severity for both 'fovea' and 'dome' types.
  • The study found no association between the presence of ROP and CMO detection or CMO with an absent ELM.
  • CMO severity, as measured by HH-SD-OCT, demonstrates a positive trend of resolution in preterm infants.
Abstract

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