Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Surveys02:16

Surveys

14.9K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.9K
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

90.3K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.3K
Robbers Cave04:49

Robbers Cave

14.3K
During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...
14.3K
Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

637
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
637

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Association Between Transfer Note Documentation and Appropriateness of Interhospital Transfer: A Pilot Study.

Journal of patient safety·2026
Same author

27th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Breast Surgeons Take Home Messages and Scientific Impact: The Verdict is in-We Moved the Needle.

Annals of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

Variation in Surgical Management of Stage IV Breast Cancer: Local/Institutional and Regional Geographic Considerations.

Annals of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

Thanks for the Signal-Now What? Program Director Perspectives on How Preference Signals Are Shaping General Surgery Residency Recruitment.

Journal of surgical education·2026
Same author

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as a predictive marker of pathological complete response (pCR) in a diverse patient population with early triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) treated with neoadjuvant real-world KEYNOTE-522 regimen.

Breast cancer research and treatment·2026
Same author

Graduate Medical Education Data in the United States: Availability and Accessibility Across National Organizations.

Journal of graduate medical education·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology
09:55

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology

Published on: September 28, 2022

1.7K

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Operative Experience Among General Surgery Residents: A Multi-Institutional Study

Chukwuma N Eruchalu1,2, James C Etheridge3,4, Austin C Hammaker5

  • 1Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Annals of Surgery
|March 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Black surgical residents graduate with significantly fewer operative cases than White residents, impacting learning opportunities. Systemic changes are needed to ensure equitable surgical training for all racial/ethnic groups.

More Related Videos

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
08:06

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

361
Subcostal Specimen Removal in Completely Portal Robotic Lobectomy
04:38

Subcostal Specimen Removal in Completely Portal Robotic Lobectomy

Published on: April 19, 2024

341

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology
09:55

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology

Published on: September 28, 2022

1.7K
Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
08:06

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

361
Subcostal Specimen Removal in Completely Portal Robotic Lobectomy
04:38

Subcostal Specimen Removal in Completely Portal Robotic Lobectomy

Published on: April 19, 2024

341

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Training
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Racial/ethnic minorities face barriers in surgical careers.
  • Previous large-scale studies on operative experience for minority residents are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between race/ethnicity and surgical case volume among graduating residents.
  • To identify disparities in operative experience based on race/ethnicity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education case logs.
  • Inclusion of general surgery residents from 20 US programs (2010-2020).
  • Comparison of total, chief, junior, and teaching assistant case volumes across racial/ethnic groups.

Main Results:

  • Black residents performed 76 fewer total cases and 69 fewer surgeon junior cases than White residents.
  • Operative case volume increased over time for all residents, but disparities persisted.
  • No significant difference in the rate of annual case volume increase between Black and White residents.

Conclusions:

  • Black residents graduate with lower surgical case volumes compared to non-minority residents.
  • Disparities in operative experience may hinder professional advancement.
  • Systemic interventions are necessary to promote equitable surgical training and a positive culture.