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Updated: Aug 6, 2025
A Model for Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Published on: January 5, 2017
Top 10 Significant Spindled Head and Neck Lesions to Scrutinze
1Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 3308 Rogel Cancer Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48103, USA. udager@umich.edu.
Background:
Spindled lesions are a challenging area in head and neck pathology. This is particularly true in the sinonasal tract, where several uncommon entities with both unique and overlapping morphologic, immunophenotypic, and/or molecular features can occur.
Methods:
Review.
Results:
The clinicopathologic characteristics of biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma and nine important differential diagnostic considerations with one or more overlapping feature are summarized to establish a practical framework for approaching spindled lesions of the sinonasal tract.
Conclusion:
Morphologic evaluation is central to the work up of sinonasal spindle cell lesions-in particular, cellular morphology, tumor architecture and growth pattern, and the presence of admixed epithelial elements - however, focused immunohistochemical analysis of neural, myogenic, rhabdomyoblastic, epithelial, and/or melanocytic marker expression and/or ancillary tests for tumor-specific molecular alterations may be necessary for definitive diagnosis.
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