Survival After Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Compared with Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Female Patients with T3-4c...

For patients with cN0 and T1-2 breast cancer, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) can provide survival results equivalent to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). However, whether it can be performed on T3-4c patients is still controversial.

Female patients diagnosed with cN0, T3-4c, and M0 breast cancer from 2004 to 2019 were identified using the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) database and divided into 2 groups, the SLNB group (1-5 regional lymph nodes examined) and the ALND group (≥10 regional lymph nodes examined). Finally, only those with pN0 disease were included in the SLNB group. The baseline differences in clinicopathological characteristics between groups were eliminated by propensity score matching (PSM). We also conducted subgroup analyses according to age, overall TNM stage, breast cancer subtypes, surgical approaches, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was survival.

With a mean follow-up of 75 months, a total of 186 deaths were reported among 864 patients. The overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) in the SLNB group were 78.2% and 87.5%, respectively, and that in the ALND group were 78.7% and 87.3%, respectively. The unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) for OS and BCSS in the SLNB group (vs. the ALND group) was 0.922 (95% CI, 0.691-1.230, P = .580) and 0.874 (95% CI, 0.600-1.273, P = .481), respectively. Besides, the OS and BCSS between the 2 groups were also similar in all subgroup analyses.

SLNB may be performed on female patients with cN0, T3-4c, and M0 breast cancer.