Obstetric involvement in mitochondrial disorders: A review

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Genetics
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

• Mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) are a group of genetic conditions affecting cellular energy production.
• Obstetric involvement in MIDs is under-recognized, necessitating a comprehensive review of associated complications.
• Understanding these risks is crucial for optimizing obstetric care in affected pregnancies.

Approach:

• A comprehensive narrative review was conducted using major scientific databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, etc.).
• Studies focusing on obstetric complications in patients with confirmed MIDs were systematically identified and analyzed.
• The review synthesizes current knowledge on the types and frequency of obstetric complications in MIDs.

Key Points:

• Common obstetric complications in MIDs include polyhydramnion, stillbirth, premature delivery, and low birth weight.
• Other reported complications encompass preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, decreased fetal movements, and postpartum hemorrhage.
• Certain obstetric complications occur with significantly higher frequency in individuals with MIDs compared to the general obstetric population.

Conclusions:

• Mitochondrial disorders are associated with a diverse range of obstetric complications.
• Pregnant individuals with MIDs face an elevated risk for several adverse pregnancy and delivery outcomes.
• Enhanced awareness and specialized obstetric management are essential for pregnant individuals with MIDs.