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CEO's functional experience and firm performance based on text mining.

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Chief executive officers' (CEOs) broad functional experience initially harms firm performance, but improves with more experience, showing a U-shaped curve. Deep functional experience initially boosts performance, then declines, forming an inverted U-shape.

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Area of Science:

  • Business Administration
  • Organizational Behavior
  • Strategic Management

Background:

  • Scholarly attention on chief executive officer (CEO) functional experience and firm performance is high, yet comprehensive measurement remains limited.
  • Existing research often overlooks the nuanced impact of diverse functional backgrounds on corporate outcomes.
  • Public databases lack detailed CEO functional experience metrics, hindering in-depth analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct impacts of CEO functional breadth and depth on firm performance.
  • To apply upper echelons theory to analyze the relationship between CEO experience and corporate success.
  • To provide empirical evidence on optimal CEO experience profiles for enhanced firm performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized named entity recognition to extract deep-level curriculum vitae (CV) data for CEOs from Chinese listed companies (2006-2020).
  • Quantified CEO functional breadth (richness of experience) and functional depth (tenure and hierarchical level).
  • Employed statistical analysis to examine the relationship between CEO experience metrics and firm performance.

Main Results:

  • CEO functional breadth shows a significant U-shaped relationship with firm performance (negative initial impact, positive subsequent impact).
  • CEO functional depth demonstrates a significant inverted U-shaped relationship with firm performance (positive initial impact, negative subsequent impact).
  • Both breadth and depth of CEO experience have complex, non-linear effects on firm performance.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals non-linear relationships between CEO experience dimensions and firm performance, challenging linear assumptions.
  • Findings offer valuable insights for executive recruitment, emphasizing a balance between breadth and depth in CEO selection.
  • Extends the literature by providing a micro-level analysis of CEO functional experience and its strategic implications.