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Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition02:11

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

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Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
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Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

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The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
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What is Monogastric Digestion?01:50

What is Monogastric Digestion?

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The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

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Human microbiome research: Growing pains and future promises.

Jens Puschhof1, Eran Elinav1,2

  • 1Division of Microbiome & Cancer, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.

Plos Biology
|March 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Human microbiome research is shifting towards understanding bioactive strains

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Human microbiome research is advancing from correlational studies to mechanistic investigations.
  • Understanding the impact of specific microbial strains on human health is a key emerging area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the evolution of human microbiome research.
  • To discuss the application of data-driven diagnostics and interventions.
  • To explore the potential of microbiome research in precision medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current trends in human microbiome research.
  • Analysis of challenges and progress in applying microbiome data.
  • Discussion of future directions in microbiome-based therapies.

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Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device
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Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
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Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

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Last Updated: Aug 6, 2025

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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

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Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device
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Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

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Main Results:

  • Significant progress is being made in translating microbiome research into practical applications.
  • Data-driven microbiome diagnostics and interventions are under development.
  • The field is moving towards a more functional understanding of the microbiome.

Conclusions:

  • Human microbiome research is poised to drive significant advancements in precision medicine.
  • The next decade may witness breakthroughs in personalized health strategies based on microbiome insights.