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Probing Fermi Sea Topology by Andreev State Transport.

Pok Man Tam¹, Charles L Kane¹

¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|March 17, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We demonstrate that the topology of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) Fermi sea can be measured using ballistic transport through a Josephson π junction. This method reveals quantized conductance sensitive to the Fermi sea

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Quantum Transport
Topological Materials

Background:

Two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) host complex electronic structures.
Josephson junctions are crucial for studying quantum phenomena.
Fermi sea topology influences material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate that the topology of a 2DEG Fermi sea can be probed via ballistic transport.
To establish a connection between Andreev state dispersion and Fermi sea topology (Euler characteristic, χF).
To propose an experimental method for measuring this topological signature.

Main Methods:

Theoretical analysis of ballistic Landauer transport along a Josephson π junction.
Investigation of low-energy Andreev states and their dispersion relations.
Mathematical formulation linking Fermi surface critical points to the Euler characteristic.

Main Results:

Andreev states exhibit dispersion sensitive to the Fermi sea's Euler characteristic (χF).
A quantized conductance is predicted, directly probing χF.
The predicted I-V characteristic shows diode-like rectification, reflecting Fermi sea topology.

Conclusions:

The topology of a 2DEG Fermi sea can be experimentally measured through quantized conductance in a Josephson junction.
The proposed method offers a novel way to characterize topological properties of metals.
Feasibility is assessed for graphene, InAs, and HgTe 2DEGs.