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Hydrodynamics drives self-propulsion for topological defects in p-atic liquid crystals. This phenomenon accelerates defect annihilation, with effects intensifying as p increases, offering insights into cellular remodeling.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Liquid Crystal Science

Background:

  • Topological defects are crucial in various physical systems.
  • P-atic liquid crystals exhibit p-fold rotational symmetry in 2D.
  • Understanding defect dynamics is key to material properties and biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of hydrodynamics on topological defect dynamics in p-atic liquid crystals.
  • To identify and characterize self-propulsion mechanisms for defects.
  • To analyze the impact of hydrodynamics on defect annihilation rates.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of fluid dynamics and defect interactions.
  • Analytical modeling of defect behavior in p-atic liquid crystal systems.
  • Exploration of defects with winding number s=(p-1)/p.

Main Results:

  • Hydrodynamics induces a generic passive self-propulsion for defects with winding number s=(p-1)/p.
  • Hydrodynamics significantly accelerates the annihilation of ±1/p defect pairs.
  • The acceleration of annihilation increases with the symmetry order p, contrary to initial hypotheses.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrodynamics plays a critical role in the dynamics of topological defects in p-atic liquid crystals.
  • The findings provide a new mechanism for defect propulsion and enhanced annihilation.
  • This research offers a framework for understanding cell intercalation and epithelial layer remodeling.