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Risk factors of facial herpes simplex after percutaneous microballoon compression for trigeminal neuralgia: A
Aimin Zhang1, Qin Li1, Huaiming Wang2
1Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Background:
Percutaneous microballoon compression (PMC) is an important clinical technique for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Some studies have shown that patients may be infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) after surgery. However, the prevalence and associated risk factors are unclear yet. This study aimed to explore the potential risk factors of facial herpes simplex (FHS) in patients with TN treated by PMC retrospectively.
Methods:
A retrospective study included 181 patients with TN undergoing PMC treatment between September 2019 and August 2020 in Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute. Depending on whether the patient was infected with HSV-1 after PMC operation or not, the patients were divided into two groups, FHS group and non-FHS group, respectively. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and surgical data of the patients were collected. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors of infecting with HSV-1 in patients with TN after PMC.
Results:
Among 181 patients with TN treated by PMC surgery without FHS. 49 patients were diagnosed with FHS after operation, and the diagnosis was confirmed by PCR detection of HSV-1. All patients had no FHS before operation, the occurrence of FHS was 27.07% (49/181) in patients underwent PMC. Variables with p<0.05 in univariable analysis included gender (male/female), age, duration of disease and CD8+ T cells count. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed the independent risk factors of FHS after PMC were gender (male/female) (p<0.01, OR 0.061, 95% CI 0.009~0.428), age (p<0.001, OR 1.169, 95% CI 1.065~1.283), duration of disease (p<0.001, OR 1.361, 95% CI 1.206~1.535) and CD8+T cells count (p<0.01, OR 0.993, 95% CI 0.989~0.998).
Conclusions:
In our study, we found that elderly patients and duration of disease were the risk factors of occurring FHS in TN patients after PMC surgery. CD8+T cells count and male gender were the protective factors for not developing FHS.
Insights
Elderly patients and longer disease duration increase the risk of facial herpes simplex (FHS) after trigeminal neuralgia (TN) percutaneous microballoon compression (PMC). Male gender and higher CD8+ T cell counts are protective factors against FHS development.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Percutaneous microballoon compression (PMC) is a key treatment for trigeminal neuralgia (TN).
- Post-PMC facial herpes simplex (FHS) infection, caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), is a known complication.
- The prevalence and risk factors for FHS post-PMC require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify potential risk factors for developing facial herpes simplex (FHS) in trigeminal neuralgia (TN) patients following percutaneous microballoon compression (PMC).
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 181 TN patients undergoing PMC between September 2019 and August 2020.
- Patients were categorized into FHS and non-FHS groups based on post-operative HSV-1 infection.
- Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and surgical data were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression.
Main Results:
- The incidence of FHS post-PMC was 27.07% (49/181) among patients without prior FHS.
- Univariable analysis identified gender, age, disease duration, and CD8+ T cell count as significant variables.
- Multivariable analysis revealed independent risk factors for FHS: older age (OR 1.169), longer disease duration (OR 1.361), and male gender (OR 0.061) and CD8+ T cell count (OR 0.993) as protective factors.
Conclusions:
- Elderly patients and those with a longer duration of trigeminal neuralgia are at higher risk for developing FHS after PMC.
- Male gender and higher CD8+ T cell counts appear to be protective factors against FHS development in this patient cohort.
